两系杂交早稻‘两优17’母本直播制种技术研究

Study on Direct-seeding Technique in Seed Producing of Two-line Hybrid Early Rice‘Liangyou17'

为了探明水稻两系不育系9771S杂交制种的母本直播技术,以两系杂交早稻‘两优17’的母本9771S和父本‘中嘉早17’为试验材料,对‘两优17’制种母本设置直播与育秧移栽两种栽培方式,比较母本在两种栽培方式下播始历期变化、母本直播适宜播种量、抗倒性、产量构成因素及制种产量等方面的差异。结果表明:‘两优17’母本直播较育秧移栽每公顷增产1.7%;在抗倒性方面表现略有不足;母本直播播始历期较育秧移栽缩短2天,花期缩短1天;直播和移栽在播种量同为37.5 kg/hm2时,综合性状表现较好,制种产量较其他用种量处理高。因此,‘两优17’制种,母本直播具有省工、制种效益较高等特点,具有推广应用前景。

In order to study the 9771S hybrid seed production of two-line sterile line of rice direct seeding techniques of female parent, the high yielding two-line hybrid early rice, ＇Liangyou17＇, which was bred with male sterile line 9771S crossing to the restore line ＇Zhongjiazao17＇ by Rice Research Institute of Hunan Agricultural University. The following aspects in seed-producing techniques of direct-seeding and transplanting were compared, which include the duration from sowing to heading, seeding amounts and lodging resistance, with female parent 9771S and male parent ＇Zhongjiazao17＇ as materials. The results showed that, the cultivating method of direct-seeding, which with poor lodging resistance, exhibits higher yields, shorter duration from sowing to heading and more concentrated flowering period compared with transplanting method. The yield of ＇Liangyou17＇ reached the highest for both direct-seeding and transplanting when the seeding amounts were 37.5 kg/hm^2. Taken together, the female parent direct-seeding technique, which has the superiority of labor-saving and high-efficient, should be extended in large scale.