栝楼籽油容易凝固的原因分析

Analysis of the Causes of Easy Solidification of Trichosanther kirilowii Seed Oil

为了分析栝楼籽油凝固的原因,找出栝楼籽油黏性变化的分子结构基础,以紫苏籽油为参照,采用紫外分光光度法进行了紫苏籽油和栝楼籽油紫外光谱扫描和分析,并与用马来酸和共轭亚油酸作为孤立双键和二共轭双键为标准品绘制标准曲线进行比对,分析了栝楼籽油和紫苏籽油不饱和脂肪酸所含的共轭双键类型和含量的差异。结果表明,紫苏籽油不饱和脂肪酸中仅含孤立双键,含量达365.8 mg/mL,而瓜蒌籽油的不饱和脂肪酸中除含孤立双键外,均含有三共轭双键。此外,黄色栝楼籽油还含有二共轭双键(含量为197.01 mg/mL)。栝楼籽油不饱和脂肪酸含有一定量的二、三共轭双键,易发生加成、聚合,致使其饱和脂肪酸含量增加、凝固点降低、黏性增大,此为栝楼籽油储藏过程中容易发生凝固的主要原因。

In order to analyze the reason of Trichosanthes kirilowii seed oil solidification, find out the molecular structure of Tricbosantbes kirilowii seed oil viscosity changes. Using Perilla seed oil as a reference, ultraviolet spectrophotometry was performed in Perilla seed oil and Ttichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. After the UV scan and analysis, maleic acid and conjugated linoleic acid as an isolated double bond and two conjugated double bonds as standard draw standard curve were compared, analyzed the difference of unsaturated conjugated double bond type and the different content of fatty acids contained were analyzed in Tricbosantbes kirilovcii seed oil and Perilla seed oil. The resuhs showed that： Perilla seed oil unsaturated fatty acid contains only isolated double bond in a concentration of 365.8 mg/mL, while the snakegourd fruit seed oil unsaturated fatty acid contains not only isolated double bond, but three conjugated double bonds. In addition, the yellow TKM seed oil also contains two conj ugated double bonds （the content was 197.01 mg/mL）. Tgcbosantbes kirilowii seed oil contained a certain amount of two conjugated double bond or three conjugated double bond in unsaturated fatty acid, which increased the possibility of the addition and the polymerization reaction, resulting in an increase of the content of saturated fatty acids, a decrease of the freezing point and an increase in viscosity, which was the main reason prone to the easily solidification during the storage of Chinese Triehosanthes oil.