公共项目控制权配置研究

Allocation of Public Project's Control Authority

运用不完全契约理论、公共选择理论,从项目的公共性、参与方对项目的评价、参与方的投资重要性及参与方的能力四个方面综合探讨了公共项目控制权配置。理论模型分析表明,在投资重要性一致情况下,对于纯公共产品,项目评价指数为控制权分配的决定因素;对于纯私人产品能力是控制权分配的决定因素;对于准公共产品,控制权配置由双方评价指数和能力特征共同决定。最后结合现实的情境,阐述在理论模型框架内如何进行制度安排以达到优化状态。

Topics about proper allocation of control authority in public projects have been researched based on incomplete contract theory and public choice theory by synthetically analyzing four factors of public projects：public nature,participants＇ evaluation,investment importance,and ability.Previous study shows that participants＇ evaluation can influence the allocation of control authority in a pure public project and participants＇ ability can influence the allocation of control authority in a pure private project.Evaluation and ability of participants can influence the allocation of control authority in a quasi-public project.Our theoretical analysis leads to the following policy recommendation：Firstly,with high level of project evaluation,nongovernmental sectors can achieve control rights in the optimal allocation of project＇ s control authority for pure public projects.In contrast,if the project evaluation level of the non-government sector is low government departments must control public projects in order to prevent market failure.Second,in the case of quasi-public projects and on the condition of participant＇ s capacities equilibrium,investment importance,level of project evaluation and ability play different role over the ultimate distribution of control authority for quasi-public projects.Non-government sector＇ s project evaluation and its relative capacity are key factors to determine whether it should control quasi-public project.The results above mean that institutional arrangement of multi-center is reasonable in public projects.Having private partners participate effectively in the public domain can make good use of social resources and reduce the cost of public administration.The government should foster good credit mechanisms of market and build the system of social responsibility to improve private capital＇s level of public project evaluation.On the other hand,the government should consciously cultivate the capacity of non-governmental sectors.A better system design should consider the ultimate project factors and the transformations of properties,such as time and space.These properties are particularly important for sustainable design,construction,operation and maintenance of large scale infrastructure.Allocation of control authority in construction and maintenance of Chinese rural water conservancy facilities are analyzed using the theoretical framework.