延期支付下考虑应收帐款率目标的供应商最优运作策略与协调研究

Research on Supplier's Optimal Operation Strategy and Co-Ordination under Delay in Payment Considering Setting Account Receivable Ratio

本文研究了延期支付条件下,供应商通过预设应收帐款率来控制资金风险的最优运作与协调问题。首先,分析了零售商的订货决策;其次,利用非线性规划中的Kuhn-Tucker条件分析了供应商的定价决策问题,并得出了供应商制定合理的内部控制目标的方法,即:在既定的制造成本和应收账款率条件下,供应商只能选择拥有满足自有资金条件的零售商进行交易;或者在既定的自有资金零售商和制造成本条件下,供应商应调整应收账款率目标。再次,讨论了供应链协调的问题;最后,通过数值分析对研究结论进行了验证和说明。

A supply chain involves goods,fund and information flows.The control of fund flow is becoming more important because of the fierce competition pressuring supply chain members to reduce operational cost.Thus,there is a growing need for companies to cope with financing risks associated with supply chain operation.This paper focuses on addressing issues related to supplier＇s optimal operation strategy and coordination under delay in payment.In the first part,we review the current literatures related to the impact of business credit on supply chain operations.We find that the demand faced by retailer is uncertain in the supply chain.Secondly,the supplier＇s attitude toward providing business credit is riskaverse.In the second part,we use the non-linear programming Kuhn-Tucker condition to discuss supplier＇s pricing policies according to a preset accounts receivable ratio.Under the preset supplier＇s cost and ratio of accounts receivable,suppliers must choose a retailer with proper budget level.With the preset retailer ‘ s budget and supplier＇s cost,the goal of accounts receivable should be adjusted.Finally,the conclusion of the research is validated and explained with numerical analysis results.This paper integrates financing policy and operation policy into supply chain management and proposes a novelty method to optimize decisions,such as reaching supply chain coordination according to an account receivable ratio.The preset ratio can help achieve maximum profit and optimize coordination at the same time without traditional contracts.This paper has theoretical and practical contributions to the current supply chain management study.