男性新兵进驻高原3个月后认知功能改变研究

A comparison of cognitive function of male recruits three months after ascent to the plateau

目的探讨高海拔驻防3个月对军人认知功能的影响。方法采用自身前后配对的设计方法,对37名新兵进驻4400 m海拔3个月后的认知功能指标,即反应时、速度知觉、时间知觉、手臂稳定性、记忆广度、深度知觉、短时记忆、注意广度进行了对比研究。结果受试者4400 m海拔驻防3个月后,其运动时缩短(P<0.05);速度感更为准确;记忆广度、短时记忆均轻微下降(P<0.05);深度知觉误差加大,且更易出现近点远移现象。结论 3个月高海拔环境驻防对军人的多种认知功能造成不同程度损伤,尤其对反应运动时、深度知觉及记忆能力的损伤较为明显。

Objective To explore the effect of 3-month-exposure to high altitude（4400 m） on military cognitive func-tion.Methods Using ＆quot;pre-post paired t-test＆quot;design, thirty-seven male recruits were enrolled , eight cognitive function variables, including reaction time, speed-perception, time-perception, operating-dexterity, memory span, depth-percep-tion, short-term memory and attention span , were analyzed by paired comparison .Results After 3-month-exposure to 4400 m high altitude, movement time （P＆lt;0.05） was shortened, speed-perception became more accurate （P＆lt;0.05）,memory span and short-term memory both declined slightly（P＆lt;0.05）, and the errors in depth perception deteriorated （P＆lt;0.05）. Moreover , the depth-perception was more prone to′see close′.Conclusion During the 3-month-exposure to higher altitude environments , many of the cognitive functions of soldiers may be damaged to different extents , and the negative effect on re-action and movement time , depth-perception and memory is more remarkable .