洋山深水港工程建设中堵汊问题的思考

Thinking aboutblocking of branch channels in Yangshan deepwater port construction

洋山深水港是我国首个海岛型大港,辟建在以小洋山为主体的北岛链上,与其隔水相遥的是以大洋山为主体的南岛链,两岛链合围成一平面上呈漏斗状海域,斗口西张,直对悬沙浓度极高的杭州湾。为了获取足够的港区陆域和顺直岸线,工程封堵了北岛链的3个汊道,陆联诸岛,极大地改变了自然环境。本文根据大量伴随工程进行的水文和地形观测资料,以洋山海域所处特殊环境为基础,从堵汊工程前后进出海域的潮致环流的作用以及港区主通道流场结构的变化等,阐明不同工程期对海域水沙运动和海床冲淤的影响,并据此推断,调整洋山深水港最初建港方案,保存颗珠山汊道的畅通是科学合理的。

Yangshan deepwater port is the first offshore island-port in China,built in the Northern Island chain made up mostly the small Yangshan island,the Southern Island chain made up mostly big Yangshan island is across the water. Two island chains form a funnel-shaped area facing west towards Hangzhou Bay which carries the very high suspended sediment concentration. In order to get enough docklands and straight shore line works, the project blocked the three branch channels of the North Island chain and connected the inlets,substantially changed the natural environment. Based on the special environment,according to mass of hydrological and bathymetric data accompanying with the works,and the changes in circulating current caused by tide and main channel flow field structure,this article stated the impact of water and suspended sediment movement during different works period, and suggested that adjusting the first Yangshan deepwater port construction plan,keeping Kezhushan branch is a scientific and rational choice.