论东方主体的东方主义建构——《又见棕榈,又见棕榈》的叙事分析

On Oriental Construction of the Eastern Principal Identity ——Analysizing the Narrative of Seeing the Palm Once More

於梨华的长篇小说《又见棕榈,又见棕榈》提供了东方主体展开西方本质化想象的特例。按照东方学思考东方社会的要求,东方主体应还原东方的丰富性、多样性和发展性,避免在事物丰富的表面只注重那些程式化的刻板或负面印象,并将之本质化,同时也要避免将之倒置性地施用于对西方的本质化想象中。《又见棕榈》在东方主体的西方本质化想象展开中,西方(美国)社会中的负面内容被无限放大,天堂与地狱的两极被刻意强调。在有关东方社会的建构中,台湾社会本来的丰富性、多样性、发展性亦被严重地遮蔽了,作为西方参照下的台湾被过度放大。因此,於梨华的书写提供了在东方主体立场上的西方本质化想象和西方话语资源参照下展开东方叙事的反面教材,这归因于叙述者持守的标准不一和相应的错位立场。为了弥补这一缺陷,叙述者刻意将台湾本土想象成流浪者的精神"后花园",有效地呈现了台湾社会的丰富性、人物生存形式及价值观的多元化、青年一代的差别化发展等。

Yu Li-Hua＇s novel Seeing the Palm Once More provides the principal orientalist identity in western imagination.Thinking in accordance with the requirements of oriental studies of the oriental societies,the subj ect should be restored to oriental richness,diversity and development,avoiding focusing only on those rich surfaces of stereotypes or negative impressions as well as the inverted manner applied to the nature of western imagination.In 0Seeingthe PalmOnceMore,the negative content of the western society （America）is hugely magnified,the poles between heaven and hell are deliberately stressed.In the construction of oriental society,the richness,diversity and development of Taiwan society were also severely obscured.Taiwan,as a contrast to the west,was magnified.Accordingly,Yu Lihua＇s writing provides the western imagination on the basis of east-ern identity and expands the negative nature of oriental narrative in the western discourse re-sources,which is attributed to the narrator＇s different standards and corresponding dislocation.To compensate for this,the narrator deliberately imagine native Taiwan Residents society as＂back garden＂for wanderers,effectively rendering the richness,ways of living,diversity of values and different development of youth in Taiwan society before the reader.