安徽石台县山丘地区感染性钉螺控制效果纵向分析

Longitudinal analysis on the effect of infected snails control in hilly endemic regions,Shitai County,Anhui Province

目的：纵向观察山丘型地区控制感染性钉螺效果，为制订有效控制和消除感染性钉螺措施提供依据。方法收集了2005～2011年石台县大演乡感染性钉螺的调查数据。对感染性螺环境点采用GPS定位，绘制出感染性钉螺分布图，根据感染性钉螺分布现状特点，制定各年度的化学药物灭螺方法和综合环改灭螺的实施方案。结果石台县大演乡从2005年的7个感染性钉螺环境点的村，下降到2011年只有1个行政村有感染性钉螺分布环境点，感染螺面积和感染螺密度逐年下降明显。资料显示：有1个行政村已连续7年未查出感染性钉螺，2个村已连续6年未查出感染性钉螺，1个村已连续5年未查出感染性钉螺，2个村已连续4年未查出感染性钉螺，1个行政村已连续2年未查出感染性钉螺。结论对已控制和消除感染螺环境仍应加强查、灭螺的质量与监测，并全方位做好传染源控制。对一些复杂的钉螺环境点，适时的与小环境改造灭螺相结合，改变钉螺的孳生环境。

Objective To observe the effect of infected snails control in hilly endemic regions, and provide basis for making out effective measures for infected snails control and elimination. Methods The snail survey data from 2005 to 2011 in Dayan township, Shitai county, were collected. The spots of infected snails were located by GPS, and the distribution of infected snails was drawn. The snail control measures were formulated yearly according to the situation of infected snails. Results The spots of infected snails reduced from 11 villages in 2005 to 1 village in 2011 in Dayan township, the areas with infected snails and the density of infected snails also decreased yearly. One village had not been found infected snails for 7 consecutive years, two villages for 6 consecutive years, one village for 5 consecutive years, two villages for 4 consecutive years, and one village had not been found infected snails for 2 consecutive years. Conclusion It should be emphasized on the quality of snail survey and control in the environment without infected snails, and infectious sources control should be implemented thoroughly. As for the complicated snail breeding sites, environment modification could be considered to change snail breeding environment.