喧哗与骚动:明代诗学论争概论

Summary Discussion on the Poetics Debate of Ming Dynasty

明人文学论争意识非常突出。前期诗学论争主要表现为论争对手不在场的个体式的议论与批评,中晚期至明末主要表现为持不同文学宗尚的宗派间针锋相对的激烈之争。个体式的议论与批评目的是表达论者的观点并企望他人接受,产生为人师的满足感;而宗派间的论争还在于争得文权,以推行本派的诗学主张,在文坛产生重大影响。明代诗学论争日益兴盛及越来越激烈的论争方式,与当时的政治、经济及文人自觉的文化归属意识等有密切的联系。明代诗学论争虽然有着门户之见的弊端,但却调动起绝大部分文人进入文学活动领域,推动明代诗学向前发展。

Ming has a strong debate sense. In early period, the Poetic Debate shows to be personal discussion and criticism. From the Middle to the Final period, the Poetic Debate shows to be fierce debate among different sectarians with different literary poetics viewpoints. Personal discussion and criticism of the Poetic Debate is to express their views that they wish to be accepted. In this way, they believe they get satisfied feelings of being teachers. The aim of sectarian debate is to win the Speaking Right in the Literary Circle to implement their own poetic ideas. The Poetic Debate of Ming becomes prosperous and the debate way becomes fierce little by little, which has connection with the contemporary poli- tics, economy and the literati＇ s conscious awareness of cultural identity. Although the literature argument has the drawbacks of sectarianism, but it mobilized most of the literati going into the field of literary activities, and promote the Ming Dynasty Poetics developing forward.