钨及钴冶炼高氨氮废液处理的实践

High Concentration Ammonia Nitrogen Wastewater Treatment out of Tungsten and Cobalt Smelting

有色金属冶炼中产生的大量废水中含有高浓氨氮、高浓盐类、重金属元素等污染物,必须妥善处置。文章结合某钨冶炼企业及某钴冶炼企业中对高氨氮废液的治理实践,探讨了采用四效降膜蒸发法及兼氧生化+好氧生化法组合工艺治理该类废液的途径。采用该方法可有效的解决含硫酸铵或氯化铵工业废液蒸发过程中能耗过高、设备腐蚀等技术难点,可实现废液达标排放或完全回用;年处理30万t高氨氮废液,可回收2万t硫酸铵及0.2万t氯化铵,实现氨氮废液的资源化。

The environment was polluted by the wastewater which was produced from tungsten and cobalt smelting. It is feasible to make the ammonia nitrogen in wastewater less than 8 ppm by using four-effect countercurrent falling film vacuum evaporation and anoxic＋aerobiotic biochemical process （A/O） which can reclaim the high concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater completely and reach the national emission standard. Through practical application, the project designs for 300 000 tons of high ammonia nitrogen wastewater, 20 000 tons of ammonium sulfate and 2000 tons of ammonium chloride are reclaimed a year which can produce the total sales of 20 million Yuan, and achieve ammonia nitrogen wastewater resource utilization.