司法如何保护婚姻——基于离婚案件二次起诉现象的分析

How does Jdicature Protect Marriage——an Analysis Based on the Second Prosecution in Divorce Cases

对法院婚姻诉讼中二次起诉现象的实证分析表明,法院对首次离婚诉讼一般不予离婚,体现了司法对于婚姻生活介入的节制性;在时间结构上,二次诉讼审理期间的时间结构特点,体现出司法对婚姻家庭中人身财产关系处理的审慎态度。司法的慎重和诉讼离婚中的高时间成本,有利于克制离婚的随意和冲动,反映出司法对离婚诉讼控制的态度。这既与目前婚姻法中离婚标准的价值相契合,也有利于维护家庭在经济社会中的安定、抚育等功能,体现了司法在离婚自由的前提下对离婚相对限制的态度,在公共政策上鼓励稳定长久的婚姻。

The empirical analysis of the second prosecution in matrimonial suits shows that the court usually does not support divorce in the first prosecution, which reflect the restrained intervention in marriage; and the time structure of the second prosecution reveals the judicial prudence in handling the property and personal relations between family members. The judical prudence and the high cost of time help control the arbitariness and impulse of divorce, which is a judical constriant on matrimonial suits. It corresponds to the divorce standard in the current law of marriage, and helps families fulfill their social and economical functions of maintaining peace and fostering new generations. It implies a judicial limit on divorce under the premise of free divorce and an urge of stable and permanent marriage in public policy.