儿童自我控制双系统量表的编制与信效度分析

The dual-systems of self-control scale for children： development, reliability and validity

目的 编制儿童自我控制双系统量表,并检验其信效度.方法 基于自我控制的双系统理论和前人研究成果,编制了儿童自我控制双系统量表.以此量表对选取自五个省的1493个家庭进行调查.通过项目分析筛选项目,对数据进行探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析检验问卷的结构效度,并检验问卷的信度和效标效度.结果 经过探索性因素分析,最后得到的儿童自我控制双系统量表有23个条目,包含5个因子,分别命名为：计划性,冲动性,易分心,坚持性,低延迟满足,累计方差贡献率为50.46％.验证性因素分析所得指标均符合心理测量学的要求（RMSEA=0.044、NFI=0.95、NNFI=0.97、CFI=0.97）.儿童自我控制双系统量表得分以及各分量表得分与自我控制教师评定量表得分的相关均具有统计学意义.儿童自我控制双系统量表的Cronbach oα系数为0.855,各因子的Cronbachα系数分别为0.813,0.803,0.582,0.608,0.620.结论 儿童自我控制双系统量表具有较好的信效度,适合用于评估我国儿童的自我控制能力水平.

Objective To develop and test the reliability and validity of the dual-systems of self-control scale for children （DSSCSC）.Methods The scale was developed based on previous studies and the theoretical framework of the dual system.Totally 1493 families from 5 provinces were recruited.Participants were asked to complete the DSSCSC.Item analysis was conducted to identify valid items.Then the construct validity of the scale was tested through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis（EFA ＆ CFA）.Finally the reliability and criterion validity of the scale was examined.Results The scale was consisted of 23 items with 5 factors-planning,impulsivity,distractibility,persistence,and poor delay of gratification.They explained 50.46% of the total variance.Besides,the CFA resuhs demonstrated a satisfactory construct validity of the scale （RMSEA =0.044,NFI =0.95,NNFI=0.97,CFI=0.97）.The scores of DSSCSC and its subscales were significantly correlated with the TSCRS scores.The Cronbach＇ s α coefficients of the total scale was 0.855,and 5 subscales were 0.813,0.803,0.582,0.608,and 0.620 respectively.Conclusion The DSSCSC with 5 factors has a good reliability and validity,demonstrating it a valid tool to measure the children＇ s self-control in China.