氟对接触工人外周血淋巴细胞的遗传毒性

Genetictoxicity of lymphocytes in workers occupationally exposed to fluorine

目的研究氟接触工人外周血淋巴细胞的遗传毒性。方法将广西某铝厂160名氟接触男性工人分为净化车间组（80名）和电解铝车间组（80名），另选该厂非氟接触男性工人60名为对照组。用氟离子选择电极法测定生产车间中氟化物的浓度及各组工人血清中氟浓度，单细胞凝胶电泳法（SCGE）检测工人淋巴细胞中DNA损伤程度，用流式细胞术（FCM）检测细胞凋亡率。结果与对照组相比，净化车间组和电解铝车间组工人血清中氟浓度、淋巴细胞彗星发生率、彗尾DNA百分率、彗星尾长、细胞凋亡率分别增加了88．9％、139．6％、230．8％、135．6％、128．4％和60．0％、72．5％、85．2％、88．3％、100．9％，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。将净化车间组80名氟接触工人按接氟工龄分为3个组（即〈10、10～15和〉15a工龄组）。校正年龄，吸烟水平后，与氟作业低工龄组比较，中、高工龄组的彗星细胞率、彗尾DNA百分率、彗星尾长分别增加了50．5％、112．5％、47．0％和74．4％、127．8％、65．6％，组间比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01或P〈0．05）。结论职业性氟接触可导致作业工人外周血淋巴细胞中DNA损伤，诱发淋巴细胞凋亡增加，提示氟具有明显的遗传毒性。

Objective To study the genetictoxicity of lymphocytes in workers occupationally exposed to fluorine. Methods 160 male workers exposed to fluoride in an aluminum plant were divided into the purification plant group（80） and electrolytic aluminum plant group （80）. 60 non-fluoride exposed male workers were took as the controls group. The levels of fluorine in the air concentration and serum were detected by fluorine ion selective electrode method. DNA damage was detected by single cell gel-electrophoresis （SCGE） method, meanwhile, apoptosis rate was tested by flow cytometry （FCM） method. Results with the control group, level of fluorine in serum, percentage of comet, comet tail DNA%, comet tail length and apoptosis rate separately increased by 88.9%, 139.6%, 230.8%, 135.6%, 128.4% in the the purification plant group and 60.0%, 72.5%, 85.2%, 88.3%, 100.9% in the the electrolytic aluminum plant group （P%0.05）. According to the time of exposure, 80 workers in purification workshop were divided into three sub-groups （〈 10,10-15 and ）15 years）. Compared with low working year group （〈10 years）, the percentage of comet, comet tail DNA% and comet tail length separately increased by 50.5%, 112.5%, 47.0% in the middle （10 -15 years） and 74.4%, 127.8%, 65.6% in the high （〉15 year）groups （P〈0. 01 or P〈0. 05）. Conclusions Occupational fluorine exposure could induce DNA damage and apoptosis of lymphocytes in PBL, which indicated the genetictoxicity of fluorine.