英雄的无力与无力的英雄:经济危机背景下好莱坞超级英雄叙事的自我解构

Hero's Powerlessness and Powerless Hero:Self-deconstruction of Hollywood Superhero Narrative in the Context of Economic Crisis

好莱坞超级英雄神话利用"神力/家庭/社会"的三元关系克服了美国英雄神话叙事中个人主义气质与英雄社会责任感之间的逻辑矛盾。而在21世纪经济危机的大背景下,这一神话结构在逐渐发生嬗变甚至解构,电影中的超级英雄往往以超能的无力或道德制高点的丧失构成了对既往超级英雄电影的戏仿式互文。基于此,"神力/家庭/社会"的三元关系也发生了功能性逆转,即从原先的"神力"被"家庭"放逐而转向"社会",嬗变为"神力"在经历丧失和缺位的危机后疏远"社会"而回归于"家庭"。

The Hollywood superhero mythology has used the ternary relation between ＂divine pow- er, family and society＂ to overcome the logical contradiction between U.S. heroic individualism temperament and social responsibility in hero myth narrative. In the context of economic crisis of this century, the mythological structure is gradually transmuted and movies tend to let the hero lose power or moral high ground and tion with previous superhero movies. Based on this, even deconstructed, while superhero therefore constitute a parody interaethe ternary relationship between ＂divine power,family and society＂ exiled by ＂family＂ absence. has also undergone a functional reversal, the original ＂divine power＂ from being to returning ＂family＂ as a result of social alienation after the crisis of loss and absence.