受领迟延制度的属性争议

On the dispute about characteristics of defaulted acceptance behavior

受领迟延制度是大陆法系一项传统的债法上的制度,我国民法虽然有相关规定,但也未形成系统的制度。受领行为的性质直接决定了受领迟延责任的定性,即迟延受领是否要承担违约责任。主要大陆法系国家包括我国法律中都没有明确规定受领行为的性质,透过学说和外国立法例的分析,受领实质上是债权人的权利,而在一般情况下,受领迟延系对权利的放弃,债权人不承担违约责任;意定或者法定情况下,若违反相关义务,债权人则要承担迟延责任。

Default of acceptance is an important legal system of obligation law of continental law system, yet Chi- na＇ s civil law system is still lacking in a systematic system. The definition of acceptance determines the nature of the responsibility of defaulted receiving, i. e, whether the creditor should be liable for the breach of contract or not. Most continental law countries include the qualities not explicitly regulated in our country. The analysis of theory and foreign legislation denotes that acceptance is substantially the right of creditors. Under normal circum- stances, the default of acceptance is the abandonment of rights and the creditor bears no liability for the breach of contract ; by agreement or legal provisions, if violating the obligations, creditors should be liable for the default.