我国机电产业出口技术结构分析及国际比较——基于出口复杂度视角

The Technical Structure of Electromechanical Industries Export and its International Comparison——Based on the Perspective of Export Sophistication

基于Hausmann出口复杂度模型,分析了我国机电产业出口技术结构的分布及水平,并进行了国际比较。从机电贸易品的技术结构来看,我国机电产品出口仍以中低技术产品为主,高技术产品出口比重较低,且在一定程度上被部分中等技术产品挤占了发展空间。就总体技术结构水平而言,我国机电产业出口技术水平不但低于主要发达国家,甚至在金砖国家中也处于落后地位;从机电产业各细分行业来看,除了金属制品业和电气机械制造业的国际排名相对靠前外,其他五个细分行业均处于世界中下游水平。最后提出了相应的政策建议。

This article based on Hausmann model of export sophistication,estimates the distri-bution and standard of technical structure of electromechanical industry’s exports in our coun-try,then gives international comparisons.From the view of the technical structure distribution of electromechanical in exports,most of China’s export of electromechanical products is in me-dium and low-tech products,high-tech products export proportion is still low,and to some ex-tent extruded by some labor-intensive medium-tech products.The level of technical structure shows that our electromechanical industry’s export sophistication is lower than the maj or de-veloped countries,even lagging in the BRIC States.For the sub-sectors,in addition to fabrica-ted metal products and electrical machinery manufacturing relatively are in the highly interna-tional ranking,the other five sub-sectors industries are still in the lower level in the world.Fi-nally puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations.