细胞色素P4502A5/2A6及其基因表达调控研究进展

Cytochrome P450 2A5/2A6 and their gene expression regulation: research advances

细胞色素P450(cytochrome P450,CYP)超家族中,小鼠CYP2A5和人CYP2A6同源。二者均参与类固醇激素、胆红素、亚硝胺和黄曲霉素B1等众多内、外源物质的体内代谢。此外,CYP2A6存在广泛的基因多态性,使其对化合物的代谢存在个体差异。与其他CYP不同,CYP2A5/CYP2A6的表达在化学异物、肝炎和肝脏肿瘤等引起的肝损伤状态下呈病理性上调。本文对CYP2A5/CYP2A6的结构、分布、生物学特性及二者的基因表达调控机制作一介绍。

In the cytochrome P450 superfamily, the murine hepatic cytochrome P450 2A5 （CYP2A5） and its human ortho- logue CYP2A6 catalyze the metabolism of various endogenous and exogenous compounds including steroid hormone, bilirubin and pro- carcinogens such as nitrosamines and aflatoxin B1. Genetic polymorphism of CYP2A6 can result in the individual differences of xenobi- otic metabolism. Unlike the most other CYPs, CYP2A5/CYP2A6 are induced under pathological conditions of liver injury induced by xenobiotics, hepatitis and liver neoplasm. This article provides an overview of the structures, distribution and biological characteristics of CYP2AS/CYP2A6 and subsequently summarizes their gene regulation mechanisms.