烟田不适用烟叶高温发酵肥料对烤烟生长和品质的影响

Effects of Applying Organic Fertilizer from Hotly-fermented Disused Field Tobacco Leaves on Growth and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

为探讨使用不适用烟叶高温发酵生产的有机肥对烤烟生产和发育的影响,在控制总氮量一致的情况下,以农家肥和烟草专用复合肥为参照进行试验。结果表明:在大田生长前期,施用有机肥的烟株较烟草专用复合肥处理生长滞后,90 d后烟株植物学性状基本相同。不适用烟叶高温发酵肥料的烟田表现出病害发生较小的优势。2种有机肥处理烟叶中总糖含量显著低于烟草专用复合肥,两者差距不显著;不适用烟叶高温发酵有机肥烟叶中具有最高的烟碱含量,最低的糖碱比;有机肥都能提高烟叶的上等烟比例和均价,但是烟草专用复合肥能够提高小区产量和产值。

In order to explore the effects of applying organic fertilizer which was made from hotly - fermented disused field to- bacco leaves （OFDFTL） on the growth and quality of flue - cured tobacco, the author conducted comparative tests for the applica- tion of OFDFTL, farmyard manure （FM）, and tobacco - special compound fertilizer （TSCF） under the condition of the same total application rate of nitrogen. The results indicated that： at earlier growth stage, the tobacco plants in OFDFrL and FM treatments grew more slowly than those in TSCF treatment; but tobacco plants in different treatments had the basically same botanical characters on the 90th day after transplanting. For the occurrence of tobacco diseases, the tobacco plants treated with OFDFTL had lower dis- ease index. The total sugar content in tobacco leaves in OFDFTL and FM treatments was significantly lower than that in TSCF treat- ment. The tobacco leaves treated with OFDFTL had the highest nicotine content and the lowest sugar- nicotine ratio. The applica- tion of OFDFTL and FM could raise the proportion of fine leaves, and the average price of tobacco leaves, while the application of TSCF could increase the yield and output value of tobacco leaves.