基层环保面临的危险废物管理问题及对策研究

Grass-roots Environmental Hazardous Waste Management Problems and Countermeasures

近年来,中国在危险废物管理方面出台了一系列法律、法规、标准及日常管理文件,加大了对危险废物的监管力度,危险废物规范贮存、处置工作不断加强,非法转移现象也得到有效遏制,有力促进了危险废物管理的标准化、规范化、程序化。但是,当前在实际工作中,特别是一线基层环保危险废物管理,还存在管理机构、人员不到位,环保部门及企业业务知识缺乏,危险废物规范化处置能力不足,对是否属于危险废物管理的废物鉴定有资质的单位很少、鉴定费用极其昂贵,废物综合利用率、资源化水平不高以及国家在危险废物上管理的法律法规不够健全或缺乏实际操作性等问题。提出了应从提高对废物综合利用率的角度,进一步完善危险废物管理的法律体系,打破危险废物利用和处置的地方保护,充分利用市场调节和优化资源配置,解决企业危险废物处置难的问题。同时,加强对环保管理机构能力建设,促进危险废物处理的资源化、规范化和安全化。

In recent years, China released a series of laws, regulations, Standards, daily management in hazardous waste management to intensify the supervision of hazardous wastes, storage and disposal of hazardous Waste specification works, as well as to effectively curb illegal transfer and effectively promoted the hazardous waste management standardization. However, in the practical work, especially in grass -roots environmental hazardous waste managements, there are problems like management or- ganization and personnel are not in place, the lack of business knowledge, environmental protection departments and the enter- prise standardization of hazardous waste disposal ability is insufficient, lack of qualified hazardous waste management authorities, appraisal charge is extremely expensive, waste comprehensive utilization, utilization level is not high and the state in the hazard- ous waste management and imperfect laws and regulations or the lack of practical problems. This paper proposed some suggestions to improve from the point of view of waste comprehensive utilization to further perfect the law system of hazardous waste manage- ment, break the hazardous waste.