基于生态服务功能的旅游景区开发生态影响评价实证研究——以北京三海子郊野公园为例

Ecological Impact Assessment of Regional Tourism Development Based on Ecological Service Function——A Case Study on Service Evaluation of Beijing Sanhaizi Countryside Park

在区域开发规划生态影响评价的过程中,目前没有一个相对综合的指标来直观反映开发产生的总体生态影响。生态服务功能价值,作为一个相对成熟而科学的生态学理论和方法体系,可以应用到旅游区开发规划的生态评价实践中去。针对北京三海子郊野公园区域,其开发前后生态服务功能价值的计算结果显示:公园区域的生态服务功能价值从开发前的40.96万元增加到开发后的247.01万元,增长了近6倍;增加较为显著的主要为水分调节功能和文化娱乐功能。

In the ecological environmental impact assessment of any regional development planning, there is no relatively comprehensive index system to reflect the overall ecological impact. The ecological service function, as a relatively mature meth- odology based on sound ecology theory, can be used as a practical reference measure in the environmental impact assessment of tourism development planning. For the Beijing Sanhaizi Countryside Park, the change of ecosystem service value before and after the implementation of the development project was calculated. The results indicated that the ecological service function value changed from 409,600 yuan before construction of the countryside park to 2.47 million yuan after the development. An ecosystem value increment of nearly 6 times was observed with the predominating contributions from the water regulation and cultural enter- tainment functions.