不同地理种群紫茉莉茎秆扦插繁殖及种子萌发特性研究

STEM CUTTING PROPAGATION AND SEED GERMINATION OF MIRABILIS JALAPA WITH DIFFERENT GEOGRAPHICAL POPULATIONS

为探索紫茉莉不同地理种群间繁殖特性的差异,本研究以11个不同地理总群的紫茉莉为研究对象,通过室内生物测定的方法对不同地理种群紫茉莉种子萌发及茎秆扦插繁殖特性进行了比较研究,并分析了两者之间的关系。结果表明,不同地理种群紫茉莉种子萌发特性存在差异,江苏(JS)地理种群种子萌发率和发芽势最高,分别为77.50%和72.00%,福建(FJ)地理种群种子的萌发率和广西(GX)地理种群种子的发芽势最低,分别为22.50%和3.50%。不同地理种群紫茉莉茎秆扦插繁殖特性也存在差异,北京(BJ)等8个地理种群的扦插成活率相对较高,均高于90%,而JS种群的最低,为46.67%;GX种群插穗平均生根数最大(69.83根),显著高于其它地理种群(P<0.05),重庆(CQ)种群的最低(6.57根);GX种群插穗平均根长最大,为2.74 cm,上海(SH)的最小,为1.04 cm。种子萌发率与茎秆扦插成活率间存在负相关,但没有显著性,表明紫茉莉的无性繁殖与有性繁殖间可能存在一定的权衡。本研究不仅揭示了紫茉莉的繁殖表型可塑性,也为制定更具针对性的防控措施提供了指导作用。

To investigate the difference of the reproductive characteristics among 11 different geographical populations of Mirabilis jalapa, characteristics of seed germination and stem cutting of different populations were comparatively studied, and the relationship between them was analyzed. The results showed that, there were differences in the characteristics of the seed germination among different populations, the seed germination rate and germinative force of Jiangsu （JS） population were the highest, with the values of 77.50 and 72.00%respectively, but lowest seed germination rate （22.50%） for Fujiang （FJ） population and lowest gerninative force （3.50%） for Guangxi （GX） population. There were differences in the characteristics of stem cutting reproduction among different populations also, cutting survival rates of eight populations as Beijing （BJ） etc. were relatively high, with the values over 90%, but lowest for JS population （46.67%）;the rooting number of the cutting slips for GX population was the highest （69.83 pieces）, significantly higher than the others （P〈0.05）, the lowest for Chongqing （CQ） population （6.57 pieces）;the root length of the cutting slips for GX population was the highest （2.74 cm）, and the lowest for Shanghai （SH） population （1.04 cm）. There was negative correlation between seed germination rates and stem cutting survival rates, without significance, which showed there perhaps was some trade-off between asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction of M. jalapa. The study not only reveals the reproductive phenotypic plasticity of M. jalapa, but also provides guiding function for specific strategies in its control.