明清通俗文学中医者形象的文化阐释

The Cultural Interpretation of the Ancient Medical Image in the Popular Literature in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

明清医者形象及其涉医题材,具有通俗性。有病求医、行医救人是寻常百姓日常生活中最为关注的。明清小说医者形象与元杂剧医者形象比较,母题共通,叙事构成在母题史流程上前后互补。医者成为元杂剧到明清文言小说描写的共同人物,以模式化、类型化手法引起受众兴趣。比起杂剧,文言小说写医者形象,虽娱乐性程度、风格情调不同,但创作动机、采取叙事干预的意图颇为类似。通俗文学母题的模式化、复制重组性质在医者叙事中表现突出。明清小说总试图在旧有题材中引人入胜,描述更简洁,思想容量更大,叙事干预体现得较为隐蔽。

The medical image and the theme concerning itself with medical have the popularity in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Asking the doctors for help and helping the patients have won a wide at- tention in people＇ s daily life. Having compared the medical image in the Ming and Qing Dynasties classical Chinese novels with it in the Yuan Dynasty drama, we find that they have common motifs, and the narrative forms are mutually complementary in motif history. The medical has become the common characters of description from Yuan drama to classical Chinese novels in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The authors use pattern, type methods to attract the audiences＇ interests. Compared with the medical image description in Yuan drama, Chinese classical novels have the same motivation of creation and narrative intervention, despite the difference of the entertainment degree and style. The modeling, replication and recombination properties of popular literature motif have an outstanding performance in the narrative of the medical. Chinese classical novels are always trying to fascinating in old themes, its description is becoming concise, its thinking capacity becomes bigger, and its nar- rative intervention is becoming more subtle.