高水平赛艇运动员拉桨技术的运动学特征分析——以ConceptⅡ赛艇测功仪上的动作为例

Analysis of Kinematic Features of Drive Technique for Elite Rowers ——An Example on Concept Ⅱ Ergometer

运用ConceptII赛艇测功仪对我国优秀赛艇运动员的拉桨技术动作进行了模拟实验,并运用SONY HDV高速摄像机进行跟踪拍摄,通过采集膝、髋、肘三关节角度和角速度变化的运动学参数,综合分析运动员拉桨技术动作的运动学特征。结果表明:(1)拉桨周期中,膝、髋两关节的角度与角速度变化基本一致,而肘关节的变化则相对晚一些;(2)膝、髋、肘三关节的拉桨动作所能达到的最大角度分别约为160°、120°、50°;(3)三关节出现峰值角速度的顺序依次为:膝关节、髋关节、肘关节,且出现时间分别表现为拉桨周期约60%、70%、90%。此研究再次证实我国优秀赛艇运动员在拉桨阶段的技术动作比较规范,膝、髋、肘三关节在运动中能够做到依次协调有序发力。这种持续不间断的平稳加力方式是赛艇运动员获得良好技术的关键。

This paper, uses Concept II rowing ergometer to make a simulating experiment on the drive tech nique of Chinese elite rowers . It also uses the cameral of SONY HDV to track shot, and collects Parameters of knee, hip and elbow joint angle and angular velocity. Finally, it makes a comprehensive analysis of drive kine matic features. The results showed that ： （ 1 ） In the period of drive technique , the changes in angle and angular velocity of knee were consistent with that of hip , but the changes of elbow were relatively later; （2） The knee, hip and elbow joint can reach maximum angles which were approximately 160 °, 120 °, 50 °; （3） The sequence of three peak angular velocity ： knee, hip and elbow. Further more, the emergence time was manifested about 60%, 70% and 90% in the drive period. This study reaffirmed that the drive technique of our elite rowers was fairly standard, the movements of knee, hip and elbow were in coordination. This continually uninterrupted smooth afterburner way is a key to get good technology in rowing.