跨行政区旅游公共服务一体化提供机制设计

The Design on Trans-administrative Districts Supply Mechanism of Integrated Tourist Public Service

旅游活动的大众化、常态化、散客化、个性化,以及旅游活动方式从旅行社组团游为主"条带型"向以散客自助游为主"板块型"转变,迫切要求跨行政区旅游公共服务一体化发展。文章从时空-功能("独占"→"分享")、提供主体("一元"→"多元")、受益范围("游客"→"居民")三个维度诠释跨行政区旅游公共服务一体化内涵,认为稳定长效的旅游公共服务一体化发展动力源于一系列具有路径依赖性质的提供机制设计(包括组织协商机制、规则自律机制、社会监督机制、绩效激励机制、利益补偿机制、管理问责机制等),旨在尽快突破行政区经济困境,加速区域旅游一体化发展和提升区域旅游服务水平。

With the popularization, FIT-orientation, normalization and individuation of the tourism activity, the participation of tourism activity has changed from the ＂strip type＂ （travel agency-oriented） to the ＂plate type＂ （individual self-help travel in the tourism destination）. The tourism public service integration of trans-administrative districts has become an urgent and important task for the regional tourism development. This paper has explained the meaning of the tourism public service integration of trans-administrative districts from the angle of function and space-time （ ＂monopolization＂ →＂ sharing＂ ）, and the angle of offering subject （ ＂unification＂ →＂multiplication＂ ）, and the scope of benefits （ ＂tourists＇＂ →＂national＂ ）. This paper holds that the stability and long-term development of tourism public service integration come from a series of path dependence mechanism design （ including organization consultation mechanism, rule and self-discipline mechanism, social supervision mechanism, performance incentive mechanism, the benefit compensation mechanism, and management accountability mechanisms etc. ）, in order to break through the economic difficulties of administrative region, accelerate the process of the regional tourism integration, and enhance the service quality of the regional tourism.