创伤之后如何启蒙?——中国成长小说的后文革叙述

How could Enlightenment be Possible after Trauma?:A Post-Cultural-Revolution Narration of the Chinese Bildungsroman

自1980年代后期开始,中国成长小说兴起了从后文革视角来书写文革期间成长经验的趋势。这个新的视角揭示了文革经验下个体成长的一个突出特征:失败的成长。这种失败的表现方式就是个体在时间上遭遇青春期的延曳,在空间上成为零余人。同时,文本通过提供"故事"与"话语"的悖论形式,从"故事"中的成长失败出发,将"叙述"层面的启蒙推向了前台。历史地看,这部分文本对文革记忆的书写呈现出"离心"话语倾向。

A new trend of Chinese Bildungsroman describing individuals＇ growing-up experience during the Great Cultural Revolution era from a post-revolutionary perspective has occurred since the late-1980s in the mainland. This narration reveals a typical feature of coming-of-age of those who went through the Great Cultural Revolution： a failed Bildung, presented as an individual experiences a prolonged youth and becomes a superfluous person. Meanwhile, it provides a paradox between story and discourse, and probes into new possibilities of enlightenment through discourse by presenting the failed form of one＇ s coming-of-age in the story. Seen historically, this narration contributes to a centrifugal discourse of presenting youth＇s experience during the Great Cultural Revolution.