关系与合约:英格兰足球联赛的两种治理机制

Relation or Contract:Two Governance Mechanisms of English Football League

通过文献资料和实地考察,比较分析了英格兰足球联赛在不同时期的两种治理机制。研究结果表明:当足球联赛成熟度比较低时,俱乐部及其联赛面临的主要风险是绩效风险,职业足球联赛选择关系治理机制比较恰当;当足球联赛成熟度比较高时,联盟面临的主要风险是合作风险,足球俱乐部联盟应该选择正式的合约治理机制。该研究带给我国足球联赛的启示是:联盟是否存在及其治理机制与联赛成熟度是对称关联的,现阶段我国应该致力于提高足球联赛提供的产品质量,而非一味地追求成立足球俱乐部联盟。

Through literature study and field trips, a comparative analysis of the two governance mechanisms of the Eng- lish Football League at different times was made. It could be seen that at the preliminary stage of football league, per- formance risk was the major risk. Relation governance mechanism was the best choice. When the football league was ma- turely organized, the major risk became the cooperation risk. Formal contract governance mechanism was chosen. From this it could be concluded that the existence of the clubs was closely related to the governance mechanism and the maturity of the league. At present, the Chinese football should focus on the product quality rather than the establishment of foot- ball clubs.