电视言语伤害的表现形态、传播机制及伦理对策——基于《非诚勿扰》早期节目的案例分析

Analyzing the Representation Form,Communication Mechanism of TV Verbal Overshadowing and Its Ethical Solution —— Cases Studies of “IF YOU ARE THE ONE”

考察中国时下电视语言生态,一种较为轻微的媒介"软暴力"现象——言语伤害屡见不鲜。在对《非诚勿扰》开播后的第1-34期节目样本进行细致的案例分析中,研究发现电视言语伤害涉及被伤害者从生理特征、出生身份到个性观念等十多个方面的内容,存在指桑骂槐、恶意标定等12种最为典型的表现形态,并且形成了言语伤害传播的自我强化机制、幽默娱乐掩盖下的脱敏麻痹机制、伤人者终被自伤的自我纠偏机制。从语言伦理学的视角,电视媒介、电视观众和节目参与者都可采用相应的言语策略,遵从应有的言语道德和传播伦理,避免言语伤害的后果,促进言语文明,维护社会和谐。

It is not unusual that the phenomena of verbal aggression or verbal overshadowing, which is rela- tively minor or ＂soft＂ media violence, have taken place in the TV programs by inspecting the current media language ecology. In the cases studying of the sample of issues 1--34 of Reality Show ＂IF YOU ARE THE ONE＂, it is found that the verbal aggression involves more than 10 multiple aspects of content about the participants physiological features, identity, personality, etc. with 12 typical representation forms and 3 categories of communication mechanism for self-strengthened violence, desensitization and self-correction. From the perspective of ethics of language, the viewers and the participants of TV programs should adopt the appropriate verbal manners for avoiding the consequences of being hurt, for promoting human civiliza- tion and maintaining social harmony.