“算了”的词化研究

A Study on Lexicalization of ‘suanle'as Discourse Marker and Modal Particle in Chinese

作为话语标记和语气词的"算了",均从"算+了"的结构发展而来。"算+了"结构主要处于两种句法环境中,一类为名词性成分充当主语的单句,另一类为复句后一分句或紧缩复句的后件。前一类句型,经主语脱落,"算了"发展为话语标记;后一类句型中的紧缩复句前件变为凸显成分,成为单句结构,"算了"虚化为语气词。

Both ＇ suanle＇ as a discourse marker construction of ＂suan（verb） ＋le （ aspect particle） ＂ as and ＇ suanle＇ as a modal particle have evolved from a the core component of the syntax^predicate. ＇ suanle＇ can occur in two syntactic contexts： the sentence with a nominal subject and the main clause of a compact complex sentence. In case of the first syntax context, ＇ suanle＇ has become a discourse marker since its subject was omitted due to interaction in discourses ; while in the case of the second one, ＇ suanle＇ has developed into a modal particle since its subordinate clause in forms of verb construction, clause, and complex clauses, etc., became the focus of the whole sentence and formed a new independent clause.