论弥尔顿《失乐园》对奥维德诗歌的借鉴之道

The Way of Borrowing: From Ovid's Poems to Milton's Paradise Lost

古罗马诗人奥维德为西方文坛留下以《变形记》为代表的众多诗歌佳作。17世纪英国诗人约翰·弥尔顿在《失乐园》中以史诗的文学形式承载伟大的基督教命题——"人类的堕落"。对奥维德诗歌和《失乐园》进行互文性研究,从文本细读入手,比较分析奥维德诗歌和《失乐园》的中英文文本中的人物形象、自然意象和创世纪传说。《失乐园》中,弥尔顿兼收博采文艺复兴时代对奥维德诗歌的借鉴方法,将奥维德诗歌纳入以基督教教义为准绳的评判体系中,强调他所坚信的基督教文学对古典文学的完美超越。

Ovid, the ancient Roman poet, left the Western literary world with many poetic masterpieces, of which Metamorphoseon is a representative. The 17th-century English poet John Milton in his Paradise Lost carried forward the great Christian proposition-- the fall of man ╞ in the form of literary epic. This paper studies the intertextuality between Ovid's poems and Milton's Paradise Lost. Starting from text reading, it conducts a comparative analysis of the characters, natural imagery and Genesis legends in Ovid' s poems and Paradise Lost in both Chinese and English versions. In Paradise Lost, Milton integrated all kinds of reference methods used to study Ovid' s poems during the Renaissance Era, placed Ovid's poems into the evaluation system with Christian doctrines as the criterion, and stressed the perfect transcendence of Christian literature that he firmly believed over the classical literature.