治理的缘起与大学治理的历史逻辑

The Origin of Governance and Historical Logic of University Governance

作为政治学与行政学领域对以新自由主义为核心理念的新公共管理运动的回应,旨在增加直接民主含量的治理及其理论既是对现代民族国家以代议制、官僚制为特征政治制度的矫正,也因植根于西方近现代民族国家、经济、政治变革历程尤其是由城市、市民社会所孕育的自由主义经济与政治传统之中,使其有着回归古典民主理想与自治精神的意蕴。由此,曾经作为市民社会组成部分的大学,在治理或者说大学与政府之间关系的层面上就显现出一个清晰的历史逻辑:大学自治权与政府日益加强的干预与控制之间的博弈。

As a reaction to the New Public Management Movement which is based on the Neol-iber- alism, Governance （both being a concept and an emerging theoretical system） which aims to en- hance direct democracy is not only a kind of correction of modern national - state＇ s political institu-tion which is mainly characterized by representive system and bureaucracy, but revitalization of clas- sical democratic ideal and autonomy spirit. Historically, Governance is rooted in formation process of western national - state, economy and politics, especially in the tradition of medieval cities and civil society which breeds early economical and political liberalism. Because of ever being a part of civil society, medieval university ever fought for their autonomy which was legalized by their Charter granted by the Christian Church or the Royalty of some European countries for many years. As a re- suit, at the level of university governance, a clear historical logic still exists until1 nowdays： the game between university autonomy tradition and government intervention and control.