自升式平台沉垫储油舱油水界面传热学研究

Heat Transfer of the Oil-water Interface of the Mat Oil Storage Tank on Jackup

使用油水置换式水下储油舱储存原油时，油水界面附近原油热量散失过多，会造成原油黏度过高，甚至出现凝油层，进而阻碍油水置换工艺的顺利进行。建立了油水界面附近原油温度随时间和位置变化的数学模型，通过油水界面传热学分析得知，原油温度只与傅里叶数、毕渥数和z／δ值有关。油水置换时间的长短是影响油水隔离层的作用重点，时间较短主要起隔离作用，时间较长时其保温作用才明显。水下储油舱应该设计成多个舱室，以缩短油水置换工艺时间。有效隔热厚度达到0．02～0．03m的TPU隔离层能满足油水置换工艺需要。

When the underwater oil-water displacement type oil storage tank is used to store crude oil, there is too much heat loss of crude oil near the oil-water interface. This will lead to too high viscosity of crude oil, ap- pearance of condensed oil layer and obstruction to oil-water displacement. Therefore, the mathematic model of the temperature variation of crude oil near the oil-water interface with time and position was established. The analysis shows that the crude oil temperature is related to three non-dimensional numbers, namely Fourier number, Blot number and z/δ. The length of oil-water displacement time is the main factor influencing the oil-water isolation lay- er. The short time period of displacement ensures the effect of isolation and the long time period of displacement of- fers an obvious effect of heat insulation. The underwater oil storage tank should be designed as several cabins in or- der to shorten.the oil-water displacement time. The TPU isolation layer whose heat insulating thickness reaches 0. 02 -0. 03 m can meet the needs of oil-water displacement technology.