灾害风险视域下避灾移民的迁移机理与现状及对策

Migration Mechanism, Status and Countermeasures of Disaster-induced Migrants from Perspective of Disaster Risk

灾害胁迫下的人类生产生活面临日益严峻的挑战,自然灾害风险已成为制约可持续发展的重要因素。本文通过对灾害风险的基本内涵、形成机制、主导因素的分析,结合近年来自然灾害、气候变化对避灾移民工程的决策、实施的影响情况,探讨了灾害风险下的避灾移民搬迁机理、现状与对策;总结现阶段包括避灾移民在内的灾害型移民的总体特征,并发现其已有和潜在的问题;最后从系统性调控的角度,探讨了灾害风险视野下避灾移民的理念、方法和路径。

With human production and life facing increasingly severe challenges under the threat of disasters, natural disaster risk has become an important factor of constraining sustainable development. By analyzing the basic connotation, formation mechanism and dominant factors of disaster risk, combining the influence of natural disasters and climate change on decision-making and implementation of disaster-induced migration project in recent years, the paper discusses migration mechanism, status and countermeasures of disaster-induced migration from the perspective of disaster risk, summarizes the general characteristics of disaster migration at this stage, including disaster-induced migration, discovers its existing and potential problems, and finally explores the concept, method and path of disaster-induced migration under the view of disaster risk from the perspective of systemic regulation and control.