模拟危化液体储罐复合热控涂层的开发与应用

Development and application of thermal control coatings for simulated hazardous chemical liquid storage tank

设计了液体储罐用热控涂层结构：环氧云铁底涂（50-60μm）＋聚氨酯硬泡隔热层＋网格加强层＋过渡层（0.5 cm）＋热反射面层（50-60μm）。研究了聚氨酯隔热层厚度对20 L保温桶保温效果的影响，确定了适宜的厚度为5 cm，实现了腐蚀与防护、热阻隔、热反射等技术集成。对样板涂层各层间附着力、抗压强度、耐高低温交变、耐盐雾性能进行了测试，以13 m3和40 m3的储罐模拟化工储罐，分别涂覆复合热控涂层，与储罐旁的消防棚进行比较，进行热控性能测试。结果表明：钢板与底涂之间及过渡层与热反射层之间的附着力均为1级，底涂与保温层之间及保温层与过渡层之间的附着力分别为6.3 MPa和5.2 MPa；耐盐水及盐雾测试中，复合涂层表面无起泡、脱落现象；涂层的抗压强度约为0.35 N/mm2；高低温交变10个循环后，表面光滑平整，无裂纹。其性能满足储罐工作环境的需要。在涂层热控性能测试中，当消防棚内的温度在20-42℃之间波动时，13 m3和40 m3的储罐内水温波动在4℃以内，表明该复合涂层结构保温效果良好。

A thermal control coating system was designed for liquid storage tank as epoxy micaceous iron oxide primer （50-60 μm） ＋ rigid polyurethane foam thermal insulation coating＋grid enforcement layer＋transition layer （0.5 cm）＋heat reflective topcoat （50-60 μm）. The effect of the thickness of heat insulation polyurethane coating on the thermal insulation of a 20 L coated barrel was studied. The suitable thickness was determined as 5 cm, achieving the integration of corrosion protection, thermal barrier, and heat reflection. The adhesion of adjacent layers, compressive strength, high and low temperature alternating resistance,and salt spray corrosion resistance of the composite coating were tested. The thermal control performance of the simulated 13 m3 and 40 m3 chemical liquid storage tanks coated with the composite coating was examined, as compared with the fire equipment shed near the storage tanks. The results showed that the adhesions strength of the steel sheet to primer and the transition layer to the heat reflective layer are grade one, and those of the primer to the thermal insulation layer and the thermal insulation layer to the transition layer are 6.3 MPa and 5.2 MPa, respectively. The surface of the composite coating showed no bubbling and peeling in salt water resistance test and salt spray test. The composite has a compressive strength about 0.35 N/mm2, and is smooth, leveled, and crack-free after high and low temperature alternating for 10 cycles. The performance of the composite coating meets the working environment requirement of storage tanks. In thermal control property test, the temperature change of water in 13 m3 and 40 m3 storage tanks was within 4 ℃ when the temperature inside the fire equipment shed varied between 20 ℃ to 42℃. The composite coating structure shows good thermal insulation effect.