2010～2012年宁夏地区无偿献血者血液标本集中检测结果分析

Screening results of voluntary donors in Ningxia between 2010 and 2012

目的了解宁夏全区采供血机构无偿献血者传染性指标检测情况及分布特征，以便预防和控制疾病经血液传播，同时探讨降低血液报废率的对策。方法对2010年7月-2012年6月全区采供血机构（血液中心1家，中心血站4家）采集的110634人份无偿献血者血液检测结果进行回顾性分析。结果无偿献血者血液检测不合格率为2．9％，其中ALT、HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HIV和TP不合格率分别为1．39％、0．38％、0．38％、0．13％和0．66％，各血站间不合格率比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。各项检测不合格率依次为iALT〉TP〉HBsAg=抗-HCV〉抗-HIV。结论加强献血前健康征询，加大ALT筛查力度，建立和巩固固定低危献血者队伍，建立抗-HIV阳性献血者屏蔽制度，提高检测水平，保证血液安全，减少血液报废。

Objective To investigate the positive rate of unqualified donations from Ningxla area;to prevent and control diseases transmission by transfusion;and to explore the strategies that can reduce blood scrap rate. Methods The testing Results from 110 634 blood donations between July 2010 and June 2012 were analyzed retrospectively （1 Blood Center and 4 City blood stations）. Results Totally, the screening reactive rate was 2. 9%. As to ALT, HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV and syphilis,the unqualified rate were 1.39%, 0. 38%, 0. 58%, 0. 15% and 0. 66% , respectively. The unqualified rates were statistically significant （P 〈 0. 05 ） between blood center and blood stations. From high to low, the unqualified rates were ALT 〉 syphilis 〉 HBsAg = anti-HCV （Х^2 =0. 38% ） 〉 anti-HIV. Conclusion Increasing health consultation before blood donation,enhancing the effectiveness of ALT screening,establishing and consolidating a low-risk donors team, generating an anti-HIV positive donors deferral system, are a few measures to improve the detection ability to ensure the blood safety with low blood discarding.