真空技术在新型医疗器械中的应用价值探讨

Application of vacuum techniques in new medical appliance development

真空技术在医疗器械(如:牙种植体、心血管支架等)表面改性方面具有很大的优势。与其他常规方法(如溶胶凝胶、微弧氧化等)相比,真空方法是非常洁净的,能够进行闭环控制而不受外界环境的影响。本文论述了真空技术在生物机械、医疗器械中的应用价值,包括采用真空等离子体氧化技术在牙种植体上制备超亲水表面以提高生物相容性和初期稳定性,采用真空镀膜技术制备碳基薄膜,降低摩擦系数,提高种植体系统的长期成功率;采用电子束蒸发技术在心血管支架上制备氧化钛涂层,提高生物活性。研究结果表明真空技术制备的表面具有优异的润湿特性,能够控制细胞的吸附和扩展,改善种植体植入体内后的行为。因此,真空技术是一种提高医疗器械治疗效果的有效方法,在医疗器械表面设计中具有重要的应用价值。

Vacuum technology has a big advantage of surface modification in medical appliances such as dental implant and cardiovascular stents. Different from other methods such as sol-gel and micro-arc oxidation, vacuum methods are very clean and they can be carried out in closed systems without being affected by uncontrolled environmental atmospheres. This paper reviews recent work pertaining to vacuum technology application in new medical appliance development with emphasis on surface coatings. First, titanium oxide surfaces were achieved on dental implant by plasma oxidization process to improve the bio-compatibility and the short-term stability. Second, carbon related films were synthesized to decrease the frictional coefficient and to improve the long term success rate of implant. In the end, E-beam evaporation is also a promising technique from the perspective of surface modification. The results suggest that the surface shows the hydrophilic property and can improve cell attaching and spreading, which, in turn, indicates the potential for improved implant properties in vivo. Vacuum technology is a promising means to elevate the performance of medical appliances and expected to be extensively applied to surface design of medical appliances.