不同施肥量对菠萝产量和品质的影响

Effects of Different Fertilizer Application Rates on Yield and Quality of Pineapple

针对菠萝生产中过量施肥的现状,开展不同施肥量对菠萝产量和品质的影响研究。试验选用巴厘品种,设5个不同施肥梯度。结果表明:随着施肥量的增加,菠萝株高、D叶长、D叶宽、植株鲜重、果实纵径、果实横径、果眼数、单果重、产量随之增加;Vc含量随着施肥量的增加呈下降趋势,可滴定酸含量和可溶性固形物呈增加趋势,而可溶性总糖含量没有表现出明显的变化规律;施肥对产量的贡献率表现为FP150%>FP120%>FP100%>FP80%,肥料最大贡献率仅为48.57%,而肥料农学效率则表现为FP150%<FP120%<FP100%<FP80%。因此在不显著减产和影响果实品质的前提下,从提高肥料的农学效率角度考虑,建议在传统施肥量的基础上减少20%。

The research was carried out to study the effects of different fertilizer application rates on the yield and quality of pineapple. A nanas comosusr cv. Yellow Mauritius was selected for the study with five treatments. The results showed that plant height, D-leaf length, D-leaf width, plant fresh weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit eye number, fruit weight and yield increased with increasing fertilizer application rate. Vitamin C content had downward trends with increasing fertilizer application rate, the titratable acidity and total soluble solids content increased with increasing fertilizer application rate. However, total soluble sugar content had no an obvious changing rule. The order of fertilizer contribution rate （FCR） was in the order： FP 150%〉FP 120%〉FP 100%〉FP 80%. The highest FCR was only 48.57%, and the relationship of agronomic efficiency （AE） of them was FP 150%〈 FP 120%〈FP 100%〈FP 80%. Under the precondition of not significantly reducing pineapple yield and affecting pineapple quality, the fertilizer application rate of farmer should decrease 20% to improve the agronomic efficiency.