司法调解的法社会学分析——以实证研究为视角

The Judicial Mediation Analysis Based on Sociology of Law:From the Perspective of Positive Research

司法调解作为一种常规的纠纷解决机制,影响其解决纠纷的因素是多元的。本文以实证研究为视角,对当事人的关系距离、司法环境以及法官的偏好与特质、案件的类型等社会变量进行法社会学研究。司法调解的选择与适用是有客观规律可循的,盲目地适用司法调解进行纠纷解决并不见得比适用判决方式更为有效和合理。在司法政策上,目前各地法院调解结案率的要求缺乏科学性基础。在法律技术上,我国应确立司法调解民事纠纷解决适用的法定范围并建立转介调解制度。司法理论研究和制度建设应客观评估司法调解的真实价值,科学定位其在多元化纠纷解决机制中的角色。

There are many factors affecting the dispute resolution of judicial m dispute resolution. Using survey data and analyzing the social variable factors inc ediation as a routine luding the relational distance of the parties, the judicial environment, the feature and preference of mediation judge and the type of case on Sociology of Law form the perspective of positive research. The choice of judicial mediation must follow the regularity. A blind application of judicial mediation to solving every case is not necessarily more reasonable than trial. In respect of judicial policy, rate of closing lacks of data sources of scientific foundations . In techniques of law,lawmaker should establish legal range of civil dispute what can be applied to judicial mediation and set up transferring mediation. The article is not only additional to theory and Methodology of current research but also stresses that judicial system construction and research should evaluate judicial mediation objectively, as well as locate the role in Alternative Dispute Resolution scientifically.