我国青少年体质健康促进的社会学归因与策略

Analysis of the Sociological Causes and Strategy on Promoting the Physical Fitness and Health of Adolescent in China

运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法对影响我国青少年体质健康的因素进行分析,结果表明:我国青少年体质下降并非学校体育的单因素所致,而是在一定历史背景下,涉及政策制度、学校、家庭和社会等多因素的社会学问题。其中单一的高考升学考试制度、职业教育不力等应试教育理念;西方现代生活方式的冲击与变迁;现代家庭及其社会结构的异构以及新课程改革引起的学校体育价值取向偏差等因素是影响我国青少年体质与健康促进的主要成因。建议:完善健全高考制度、拓展职业技术化教育的空间和就业渠道;依法取消义务教育阶段的教育资源配置不公;同时通过社会、家庭和学校的合力,建立体质健康评价的社会服务体系,定位学校体育价值取向、完善教育体制、加强社会监督等多方面来促进我国青少年的体质健康。

The factors that lead the teenager＇s physical fitness down were analyzed in China via the way of literature and logical analysis. It was revealed that the teenagers＇ physical deterioration in China was not due to the single factor of school sports,but in a certain historical background, involving the sociological problems of the country, such as schools, families and social. In which it is four main factors that influence adolescent physical and health promotion in China, which include the concept of exam--oriented education and a single exam system for college entrance examination, the western modern concept of life and lifestyle,the changes of families and social structure; the new curriculum reform orientation deviation in school. Therefore,It is suggest that improving the college entrance examination system, developing pro fessional technical education space and channels, cancelling the key middle school in accordance with the compulsory education; at the same time , establishing social service system of physical health evaluation combined with the society, family and school;positioning the value orientation of school sports ; perfecting the education system; strengthening social supervision and so on.