污水处理传统工艺与新工艺出水中有机提取物的雌激素样作用比较

Estrogenic activity of organic extracts in the effluents treated by present treatment and the new process

目的评价污水处理厂传统处理工艺和新技术处理工艺出水中有机提取物的雌激素样活性,比较两种处理工艺对微量有机污染物的去除效果。方法采用树脂吸附固相萃取富集水样中的微量有机污染物,利用重组基因酵母试验和小鼠子宫增重实验检测水样中有机提取物的雌激素样活性大小。结果重组基因酵母检测中,在原水样中微量有机污染物浓缩1000倍条件下,新技术出水有机提取物处理的酵母表现出β-半乳糖苷酶活性,而三级出水、二级出水和进水都为500倍,相同条件下的β-半乳糖苷酶活性,新技术出水组<三级出水组<二级出水组<进水组。小鼠子宫增重实验中,仅进水有机提取物油溶液原液组和阴性对照组之间具有显著性差异(P<0.05),其他各水样组之间皆无显著性差异。结论郑州市城市污水经处理后雌激素样活性显著下降,但仍对环境具有潜在危害;新技术对污水中微量有机污染物的去除效果明显好于传统技术。

Objective Evaluate the estrogenic activity of organic extracts in the effluents treated by present treatment and the new technique find the scientific evidences of the new wastewater treatment technique to compare the removal efficiency of trace organic pollutants. Methods The solid phase extraction was adopted to enrich the trace organic pollutants in the water samples with resin adsorbing, then detected the estrogenic activity of them by using yeast estrogens screen and immature rat uterine bioassay. Results Yeast estrogens screen demonstrated that the organic extracts in the new technique effluent showed the activity as estrogen after concentrated 1000 times, because the activity of β-galactosidase produced by yeast began to appear, otherwise, the same phenomenon occurred for the tertiary effluent, the secondary effluent and the influent at concentration of 500 times. At same concentration times of the extracts, the activity of β-galaetosidase ofeach group could be listed as, the new technique effluent 〈 the tertiarity effluent 〈 the secondary effluent 〈 the influent. The immature rat uterine bioassay showed there was significant difference only between the high dose group of the influent organic extracts and the negative control （P 〈 0.05）, but not between other groups, about the ratio of uterine weight to body weight. Conclusion The estrogenic activity of urban sewage in Zhengzhou was significantly decreased after treated but it still possesses potential hazard to environment. And the trace organic pollutants in wastewater were removed by the new technique more efficiently than by the present treatment.