体育锻炼对抑郁女大学生抑郁状态、单胺递质的影响研究

Effect of sport training on depression and monoamine transmitters in female college students with depression symptoms

目的探讨力量训练和有氧训练对抑郁女大学生抑郁状态、单胺递质和体质状况的影响。方法将45例轻度到中度抑郁的女大学生分为3组：抑郁力量训练组15例（进行8周,每周3次,强度为50%-70%最大负荷的力量训练）,抑郁有氧训练组15例（进行8周,每周3次,强度为50%-70%最大心率的健身跑）,抑郁对照组15例。另外选取15例正常无抑郁的女大学生为正常对照组。分别于实验前后测量受试者的抑郁状态、5-HT、NE、皮质醇水平、体成分、握力和最大摄氧量。结果 8周体育锻炼后,抑郁运动组的CES-D量表评分下降,抑郁症状减轻。抑郁患者血浆5-HT、NE水平低于正常人,皮质醇水平高于正常人。经过8周力量训练后,抑郁患者血浆5-HT、NE水平上升,皮质醇水平下降;体脂百分比下降,瘦体质量、握力升高。经过8周有氧训练后,抑郁患者血浆5-HT、NE含量上升,皮质醇水平下降;体质量、体脂百分比下降,瘦体质量、最大摄氧量升高。结论抑郁可能与5-HT、NE的下降,皮质醇的升高有关。8周的力量和有氧训练可以有效地增进抑郁患者的生理和心理健康。

[Objective] To investigate the effect of strength training and aerobic exercise on depressive state, the levels of monoamine transmitters and physiological fitness variables in female college students with depression symptoms. [Methods] 45 female volunteers with mild-to-moderate depressive symptoms were as- signed to an exercise group of depression and control group of depression. Fifteen health female volunteers were assigned to a normal control group. The two exercise groups must do the strength and aerobic exercise regimen for 8 weeks, which consisted of three sessions per week of a group strength training at 50%- 70% RM. The variables measured were CES-D rating scale, 5-HT, NE and cortisol levels, body composition, handgrip strength before and after the test. [Results] After 8 Weeks strength training the CES-D total depressive score showed a significant decrease in the exercise group. The training group had a significantly reduced cortisol level, body fat percentage, resting heart rate and increased 5-HT level, NE level, lean body mass, handgrip strength. After 8 weeks aerobic exercise the CES-D total depressive score showed a significant decrease in the exercise group. The training group had a significantly reduced cortisol level, weight, body fat percentage, resting heart rate and increased 5-HT level, NE level, lean body mass and peak oxygen uptake. [Conclusion] Depression may be relate to the decrease of the content of monoamine transmitters and the increase of cortisol level. 8 weeks deferent exercises can improve physiological health and mental health in female college students with depression symptoms.