云南松与云南油杉种子风力传播特征比较

Comparison of Seed Weed-dispersed Characteristics between Pinus yunnanensis and Keteleeria evelyniana

以云南松和云南油杉为研究对象,分析种子形态特征(质量、长度、宽度、种翅面积)和传播特征(狭长度、翅载力、沉降速度、水平传播距离)之间的关系,比较2物种种子风力传播特征及传播能力的差异。结果表明:1)种子翅载力对沉降速度的影响最大,种子形状(狭长度)对沉降速度的影响较弱,种子水平传播距离受各形态特征和传播特征的影响不明显;2)云南松种子的所有形态特征值均极显著低于云南油杉种子;3)种子传播特征中,云南松种子的狭长度较大,翅载力较小,沉降速度(77.3 cm·s-1)小于云南油杉(116.9 cm·s-1),水平传播距离(0.75 m)大于云南油杉(0.71 m),云南松种子的风力传播能力较强。本研究可为深入理解种子风力传播机制以及种子的进化生态适应策略提供相关理论依据。

Seed morphological and wind-dispersed characteristics of Pinus yunnanensis and Keteleeria evelyniana were compared in this study to clarify the relationship among seed morphological, dispersal characteristics and winddispersal ability. The results showed that ： 1 ） Seed wing loading had the greatest effect on the seed settlement velocity, but the effect of seed shape （ the ratio of seed wing length to width） on it was unobvious. Seed morphological and dispersal characteristics of two species slightly influenced the horizontal dispersal distance. 2） Seed morphological characteristics （weight, length, width and seed wing area ） of P. yunnanensis were significantly lower than K. evelyniana＇s. 3） The ratio of seed wing length to width of P. yunnanensis was greater, and had less seed wing loading than K. evelyniana, the seed settlement velocity of P. yunnanensis （ 77.3 cm. s^-1 ） was lower than K. evelyniana＇s （ 116. 9 cm . s^-1 ）. Meanwhile, the seed horizontal dispersal distance （0. 75 m） under same wind speed was further than K. evelyniana＇s （0. 71 m）. The present study indicated that wind-dispersal ability of P. yunnanensis＇ seed was stronger. The research results provided more knowledge to understand seed wind-dispersal mechanism and seed adaptation strategies in term of evolution and ecology.