提高综合医院医用口罩佩戴依从性的干预效果分析

Effect of interventions to improve compliance of wearing medical masks in a general hospital

目的评价综合干预措施对提升医务人员医用口罩佩戴依从率与正确率的作用,探索适合我国综合医院的提升医用口罩佩戴情况的有效综合干预措施。方法在某三级甲等综合医院儿科病房、呼吸内科病房、儿科门诊、成人门诊、急诊科等呼吸道传染病医院感染高风险部门实施包括医用口罩佩戴多种形式的宣传、院科两级逐级多次培训、依从率与正确率调查与反馈在内的综合干预措施,比较干预前后医用外科口罩和医用防护口罩佩戴的依从率与正确率的变化;采用Epidata3.1软件进行资料录入,应用SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析,率的比较采用χ2检验和Fisher确切概率法。结果医用外科口罩依从率和正确率从干预前的85.0%和42.0%,提升至93.5%(P<0.01)和100.0%(P<0.01),医用防护口罩的依从率和正确率从68.8%和95.2%,提升至94.2%(P<0.01)和100.0%(P=0.57);除成人门诊以外,不同科室、专业人员和指征的医用外科口罩佩戴依从率与正确率均提升十分明显。结论综合干预效果对于医用口罩佩戴依从率与正确率的提升效果明显,值得借鉴,对于成人门诊还需要额外的干预措施。

OBJECTIVE To verify the effect of comprehensive interventions on improving the compliance of wearing medical masks and the accuracy and explore effective comprehensive intervention measures to improve the compliance of wearing medical masks in the general hospitals 9f China. METHODS The comprehensive interventions, including training, propaganda, medical masks compliance surveillance and feedback, were conducted in the departments of respiration medicine, departments of pediatrics, emergency department and outpatient department in a general tertiary hospital in China, then the compliance of wearing surgical masks and medical protection masks and the rates of correct wearing were observed and compared before and after the intervention, the data were input by using the Epidata 3. 1 software, the statistical analysis was performed with the use of SPSS13.0 software, and the rates were compared by means of the chi-square test and Fisher exact prob- ability test. RESULTS The compliance of wearing surgical masks increased from 85.0% before the intervention to 93.5% after the intervention（P〈0.01） ; the correct rate of wearing surgical masks increased from 42. 0% before the intervention to 100.0% after the intervention（P〈0.01）. The compliance of wearing medical protection masks increased from 68.8% to 94. 2%; the correct rate of wearing medical protection masks increased from 95.2% （P d0.01） to 100.0% （P=0.57）. The compliance and correct rate of wearing surgical masks were increased signifi- cantly in different departments, professional staff, and indications except for the adults outpatient department. CONCLUSIONS The comprehensive interventions can achieve significant effect on improving the compliance and correct rate of wearing medical masks and are worthy to be promoted, and extra interventions should be taken in the adults outpatient department.