深圳女性外来务工者健康促进生活方式现状调查及对策研究

Survey on health promoting lifestyle among migrant female workers in Shenzhen

目的了解深圳女性外来务工者健康促进生活方式的现状,并分析其影响因素。方法采用健康促进生活方式量表-Ⅱ和自行设计的人口学资料问卷对深圳2个大型企业(员工达4000人以上)的非深圳户口、工作达3个月以上的女员工共2000人按照随机抽取的方法进行调查。按人口学特征及健康变化、单位进行分组,比较健康促进生活方式的差异。结果健康促进生活方式量表得分指标从高到低依次为营养行为、人际关系行为、运动行为和健康职责行为。多个不同人口学特征间外来务工者健康促进生活方式得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。自觉健康较1年前差的深圳女性外来务工者在健康促进生活方式多个维度得分较低。结论健康促进生活方式对深圳女性外来务工者的健康状况有积极的影响,改进深圳女性外来务工者的健康促进生活方式应从多个方面采取积极措施。

Objective To study status of health promoting lifestyle among migrant female workers in Shenzhen, and analyze influencing factors of health promoting lifestyle. Methods A total of 2000 migrant female workers who worked for more than 3 months in two large enterprises （ including more than 4000 people） were investigated by a self-designed de- mographic questionnaire and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile- 11 （ HPLP- 1I ）. Method of random sampling was used. The workers were grouped according to demographic characters, health change and enterprises, and their differences of health promoting lifestyles were compared. Results The HPLP- 11 sores of nutritional behavior ranked the first, followed by scores of interpersonal support behavior, sports behavior and healthy responsibility behavior. The scores of subjects in different de- mographic characteristics showed statistically significant differences （P 〈 0.05 ）. The score of subjects with worse perceived health than 1 year ago were lower in multiple dimensions of health promoting lifestyle. Conclusion Health promoting lifes- tyle has positive effect on health of migrant female workers in Shenzhen. Different enterprise management also will affect mi- grant female worker health status. Various active measures should be carried out to improve migrant female worker health pro- moting lifestyle.