不同基肥处理对温室番茄产量与品质的影响

Effect of Different Base Fertilizer Treatments on Yield and Quality of Greenhouse Tomato

以"佳粉18号"番茄为试材,研究了不同基肥施入水平与施入深度对大棚番茄产量、干物质积累量以及不同生育时期番茄果实品质的影响。结果表明:番茄产量随着基肥施入总量的增加而增加,但基肥施入总量较高时果实品质较差,其中表层与底层土壤均施入N 1 200kg/hm2、K 600kg/hm2、P 600kg/hm2的基肥水平下番茄产量最高,但果实品质最差;在基肥总量相同的情况下,表层与底层均施肥处理的番茄产量、品质与根系活力要高于仅表层的基肥处理,其中产量与生物量积累分别提高了14.13%与13.53%。试验结果表明,分别在表层与底层土壤施入N600kg/hm2、K 300kg/hm2、P 300kg/hm2的基肥水平更有利于在维持较高的番茄产量水平下提高番茄果实的品质。

Taking ＇Jiafen18＇ tomato as material, the effects of different base fertilization level and soil depth on the growth,photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of the greenhouse tomato were studied. The results showed that the yield of tomato increased with increasing of the amount of base fertilizer, but the fruit quality of tomato was low under high base fertilization. The yield of tomato under the N 1 200 kg/hm2 ,K 600 kg/hm2 ,P 600 kg/hm2 base fertilization for top and bottom of 30 cm depth soil treatments was the highest in all treatments; However, the fruit quality was the worst. The yield,fruit quality and root activity under the base fertilization for 60 cm soil depth treatment were better than the base fertilization for 30 cm soil depth treatment on the condition of the same amount of base fertilization,the yield and total biomass dry weight of tomato plant under the base fertilization for 60 cm soil depth treatment was increasing for 14. 13% and 13. 53% respectively compared to the base fertilization for 30 cm soil depth treatment. All results indicated that the N 600 kg/hm2 ,K 300 kg/hm2 ,P 300 kg/hm2 of base fertilization for the top and bottom of 30 cm soil depth respectively had a good yield and fruit quality in the tomato cultivation.