不同配比基质对牡丹生长特性的影响

Effects of Different Ratio of Substrate on Growth Characteristics of Peony( Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. )

[目的]为了筛选观赏牡丹(Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.)容器栽培的最佳基质,提高牡丹家庭摆放与城乡观赏效果。[方法]采用腐叶土20%+园土20%+粗河沙20%+马粪20%(牛粪代替)+鸡粪20%(A)、腐叶土40%+锯沫30%+鸡粪30%+菜子饼20 kg/m3(B)、园土100%+菜子饼20 kg/m3(C)3种不同配比基质栽培紫二乔,并进行了生长及观赏效果比较试验。[结果]自制基质B为栽培基质时紫二乔长势良好,商品性最高,其肥、透气性均高于处理A、C,特别是原料来源可就地取材,方便、成本低,只有鸡粪和菜子饼需经费购置,腐叶土、锯沫属变废为宝,不需购置费。同时在基质中加入少量充分腐熟的菜子饼可有效增加基质养分,更好地促进生长势。[结论]自制配方基质B,生态环保,可促进牡丹盆栽在不增加投入的情况下获取较高的商品价值与广阔市场,促进牡丹产业的综合发展和产业效益的不断提高。

[Objective] The aim was to screen the best substrate of ornamental peony cultivating in vessel,improve its ornamental peony of family placement and urban and rural.[Method] Three ratio substrates,corrupt leaf earth 20％ ＋ garden soil 20％ ＋ coarse river sand 20％ ＋ cow dung 20％ ＋ chicken dung 20％,corrupt leaf earth 40％ ＋ saw froth 30％ ＋ chicken dung 30％ ＋ rapeseed cake 20 kg/m3,garden soil 100％ ＋rapeseed cake 20 kg/m3,were used to cultivate Zierqiao,and carried out the comparison test on its growth and ornamental effects.[Result] When using home-made matrix B as the cultivation matrix,Zierqiao＇ s growth vigor was good,its commodity was the highest,its fertilizer and permeability were both higher than those of treatment B and C,especially because the materials got in local area,not only it was feasible but also its cost was low,only chicken dung and rapeseed cake need to buy,while which turned corrupt leaf earth and saw froth into things of value and need not to buy.Meanwhile that a few rapeseed cake fully decomposed was added into matrix increased its nutrient effectively,to promote its growth better.[Conclusion] Home-made formulation matrix B was ecological and environment friendly,gets higher goods value and broad market of peony cultivating in pot without increasing input,and then promotes the comprehensive development of peony industry and its industrial efficiency.