玉米不同抗旱播种方式出苗效果

Maize Seeds Germination Effects of Different Sowing Methods for Drought Resistance

[目的]为了筛选出适宜不同旱区的玉米抗旱播种轻简方便技术。[方法]在两种干旱胁迫环境(大田和大棚)下,设4种不同播种技术处理,分别为:膜侧播种技术,采用宽窄行种植法,地膜只覆盖玉米窄行,将玉米播在地膜边缘的土壤里,播后及时镇压;"三湿"播种技术,用粪水淋播种穴或播种沟,播种浸湿的种子,用湿土杂肥覆盖种子;湿土杂肥或湿土包裸种子播种技术;常规露地播种技术。采用随机区组设计,3次重复。[结果]4种播种技术出苗效果表现为"三湿"播种技术>膜侧播种技术>常规播种技术>土杂肥播种技术。[结论]"三湿"播种技术是最有效的抗旱播种方式;膜侧播种技术可以在春旱短等地区作为抗旱播种方式之一推广应用;土杂肥播种技术可以作为辅助抗旱措施推广应用。

[Objective] The aim was to filter out easy and effective technology of maize drought sowing suitable for different arid areas.[Method] Under two drought stress environment（field and greenhouse）,four sowing technologies were designed：Film skirting planting technology,namely wide and narrow row planting method was used,and film only covered the narrow row,maize seeds were sowed in the soil of film edge and squelched timely after sowing; ＂Three wet＂ sowing technology,namely liquid manure were used to filter the sowing hole or the sowing furrow,the seeds had been soaked and were filmed by wet soil and mixed fertilizer; Soil-mixed fertilizer planting technology; Conventional sowing technology.The randomized block design was used with three times repeat.[Result] The germination results showed that ＂Three wet＂ sowing technology ＞ Film skirting planting technology ＞ Conventional sowing technology ＞ Soil-mixed fertilizer planting technology.[Conclusion] ＂Three wet＂ sowing technology is the most efficient way; Film skirting planting technology can be as one way application in shorter drought areas; Soil-mixed fertilizer planting technology can be used as a secondary control measures of application.