低温诱发肉仔鸡肺血管重塑研究

Study on Remodeling of Pulmonary Vessel in Broiler Chicken Induced by Low Temperature

[目的]为预防和治疗肉鸡腹水综合征提供理论依据。[方法]运用图像分析仪对低温处理组和常温对照组肉仔鸡的肺小动脉进行定量检测,动态观察低温诱发肉鸡腹水综合征发生发展过程中肺小动脉的形态学变化,并探讨低温诱发的肺血管重塑与肺动脉高压间的关系。[结果]通过组织病理学观察发现低温组血管内膜及中膜细胞增生、肥厚,外膜弹力纤维和胶原纤维增生。低温组肺小动脉膜厚度占外径的百分比(mMTPA)显著高于常温组(P<0.05),说明低温使肺小动脉中膜增厚。低温组肺小动脉管壁面积/血管总面积(WA/TA)显著高于常温组(P<0.05),说明低温使血管壁增厚。低温组肌型动脉(MA)占位比例极显著高于常温组(P<0.01),而非肌型动脉(NMA)占位比例极显著低于常温组(P<0.01),低温使肺小动脉明显肌化。[结论]低温诱发了肉仔鸡肺小动脉中膜平滑肌增生、管壁增厚及非肌型小动脉肌化的血管重塑现象。

[Objective] The research aimed to provide theoretical basis for preventing and treating the ascites syndrome of broiler chicken.[Method] The pulmonary arteriole of broiler chicken in low-temperature treatment group and normal temperature control group was quantitatively detected by using image analyzer.The morphological changes of pulmonary arteriole in the occurrence and development process of ascites syndrome induced by low temperature were dynamically observed.And the relationship between remodeling of pulmonary vascular and high pressure of pulmonary artery was discussed.[Result] It was found by histopathological observation that the cells of intima and medial membrane in blood vessel in low temperature group were hyperplastic,and the elastic fiber and collagen fiber of extima were hyperplastic.The percentage of membrane thickness of pulmonary artery in external diameter （mMTPA） in low temperature group was significantly higher than that in normal temperature group（P ＜ 0.05）,which indicated that the hyperplasia of medial membrane of pulmonary arteriole was induced by low temperature.The vessel wall area/total area （WA/TA） of pulmonary arterioles in low temperature group was significantly higher than that in normal temperature group （P ＜ 0.05）,which indicated that low temperature made vessel wall thicker.The proportion of muscular arterioles（MA） in low temperature group was significantly higher than that in normal temperature group （P ＜ 0.05）,and the proportion of non-muscular arterioles in low temperature group was extremely significantly lower than that in normal temperature group（P ＜0.01）,which indicated low temperatures induced the obvious muscularity of pulmonary arterioles.[Conclusion] Low temperatures could induce the remodeling of blood vessel characterized by the muscularity of non-muscular arterioles,the hyperplasia of membrane smooth muscle and the incrassation of vessel wall.