人口过疏化区域现状特征及对策探讨——以河北康保为研究对象

The Present Characteristics and Countermeasures Analysis in the Depopulated of Rural Areas——A Case Study of Kangbao County in Hebei Province

为了解中国人口过疏化地区现状特征,分别于2010,2012年对河北康保县村落开展实地调查和分析,对研究区人口外出比重、留守人口年龄结构、房屋利用情况等现状特征进行探究.结果表明,村落人口流失严重,但已趋于稳定;留守人口老龄化问题突出;房屋空置率大,村落景观破败.其作用机制是区域生态脆弱和经济发展落后的内在推力,以及周边城镇化和经济发展水平的外在影响的结果.目前,该区域当前最迫切的任务:立足区域人口、社会、经济和环境现状,加速推进城乡统筹规划工作;合并农村自然村落,整合农村公共资源;强化农村土地资源规划,发展特色产业.

To understand the characteristics in rural areas of depopulation, the surveys and analysis on the villages in Kangbao county, Hebei province were made in 2010 and 2012. The characteristics of the study area, including proportion of population loss, age structure and housing utilization were explored. The results showed that the population loss in villages was serious, but it had been stable. The population aging problem was prominent. Vacancy rate of houses was high, and village landscape was dilapidated. The mech- anism was the results of inner thrust of fragile regional ecology and backward economic development, and the external influence of the surrounding urbanization and economic development level. The most urgent task in these regions is based on regional population, social, economic and environmental situation, to accel- erate urban and rural planning, to merge rural natural villages, to integrate rural public resources, to strengthen rural land resources planning, and to develop characteristic industry.