基于FMEA和变权AHP的大型起重机械零部件重要度评估

Components Importance Degree Evaluation of Large Crane Based FMEA and Variable Weight AHP

为了更有针对性地对大型起重机进行检测及维护,有必要对其零部件在系统中的重要度进行评估,以确定各零部件的优先度。为此,提出基于FMEA(故障模式和影响分析)和变权AHP(层次分析法)的大型起重机械零部件重要度评估。通过FMEA得到各故障模式的4个影响因素值,其中生产损失与维修影响采用模糊数学量化评估其风险等级,安全和环境影响则为定性方式;采用变权AHP定量地评估各个零部件的风险水平,即重要度;结合企业对风险的可接受程度,找出重点的巡检部位,提出相应的检测及维护对策。以某大型起重机械的减速器为例,验证了该方法的有效性和可行性。

It is necessary to evaluate the importance degree of large crane＇ s components for the rea- sonable arrangement of equipment inspection and maintenance. Hence, the equipment importance de- gree evaluation of large crane based failure mode and effect analysis （FMEA） and variable weight an- alytic hierarchy process （AHP） was proposed. Through FMEA, values of four impact factors about each failure mode were obtained. The risk levels of two factors, production loss and repair costs, were quantitative evaluated using fuzzy mathematics, and the other two factors, safety affection and environ-ment impact, were qualitative decided. Furthermore, variable AHI~ synthesizing was mtro0ucecl into the quantitative evaluation of components＇ importance degree. Based on the risk acceptances of the enterprise, the important components to inspect were discovered, and relevant maintenance strategy was brought forward. A case study for large crane＇s reducer was presented to illustrate the potential ap- plications of the proposed approach. And the result shows that it is effective and feasible.