2009--2013年广州市普通高考招生体格检查检出结核病情况分析

The analysis of TB case detection in College candidates physical examination of Guangzhou, 2009--2013

目的了解广州市普通高考招生体格检查结核病检出特征并进行分析。方法采用回顾性调查研究方法，收集2009--2013年广州市普通高考招生体格检查病案资料和全国结核病信息管理系统的疫情资料，共有316386名考生参加体格检查，采用描述性统计分析方法对检出的238例活动性肺结核患者进行分析，组间比较用7。检验，P〈0．05为差异有统计学意义。结果2009--2013年广州市普通高考招生体格检查活动性肺结核患者检出率为75．2／10万，2010年和2011年检出率较高，分别为115．0／10万、102．0／10万，2012年检出率最低，为46．5／10万。其中男性为55．9％（133／238），女性为44．1％（105／238）。根据学校生源地区检出例数从高至低排列前5位为番禺区54例、越秀区37例、荔湾区29例、增城区25例、天河区22例、白云区22例。5年间检出患者均为初治类型，涂阳肺结核患者占18．I％（43／238），涂阴肺结核患者占81．9％（195／238），肺部病灶以1～2个肺野为主，占90．7％（216／238）。结论广州市普通高考招生体格检查活动性肺结核检出率较高，应加强广州市在校高中学生，尤其是老城区和流动人口密集区域高中学生的结核病控制工作。

Objective To investigate the characteristics of tuberculosis detected in College candidates physical examination. Methods This is a retrospective study, we collected data from medical records of College candidates and National Tuberculosis Information Management System between 2009 and 2013, a total of 316 386 candidates received the physical examination,the descriptive statistical analysis was used to analyze the 238 cases of active tu- berculosis detected, x2 test was used for group comparison, P〈0. 05 was considered statistically significant. Results The active tuberculosis detection rate was 75.2/100 000 in College candidates between 2009 and 2013, rela- tively higher in 2010 and 2011, which was 115.0/100 000 and 102.0/100 000 respectively, lowest in 2012 of 46.5/100 000. Among them, males accounted for 55.9% （133/238）. In terms of the number of cases detected by original residence, the highest 5 areas were Panyu district of 54 cases, Yuexiu district of 37 cases, Liwan district of 29 cases, Zengcheng district of 25 cases, Tianhe district of 22 cases, Baiyun district of 22 cases. All cases detected were new cases, among which, smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients accounted for 18.1% （43/238）, smear-negative accounted for 81.9% （195/238）. 90. 7% （216/238） of them had lesions in 1- 2 lung fields. Conclusion The active tuberculosis detection rate is high in College candidates of Guangzhou city, we should strengthen the high school TB control, especially in old town areas and densely populated areas of floating popula tion.